Alternative Control of Tomato Wilt Using the Aqueous Extract of Calotropis procera

Calotropis procera (Aiton) Dryand (commonly known as the apple of sodom, calotrope, and giant milkweed) is an evergreen, perennial shrub Apocynaceae family, mainly found in arid semi-arid regions. Previous studies have established toxic effects (C. procera) (Aiton). Its extract used one vital alternatives to pesticides due its effective impacts on several pathogens combat insect pests that cause severe damage crops, but so far, combating Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL) not yet been evaluated. Therefore, current study focuses evaluating aqueous this plant FOL by studying physicochemical indicators. In Saudi Arabia many other countries, such disease considered critical factors affecting tomato growth production. For control wilt (Fwd), strategies developed, are limited their use. Ten isolates were obtained from diseased plants. These able exhibit symptoms wilt, they varied virulence. Isolate No. 5 caused highest severity (73%). According these results, we isolate following experiment, which was identified ITS sequences F. lycopersici. Following intensive screening studies, selected C. effectiveness against Fwd plants antifungal activity or induce systemic resistance All concentrations extracts suppressed pathogen. The reduction mycelia at 15%, it reduced pathogen 70.2%, relative control. greenhouse conditions, 5, 10, 15% significantly compared infected (52.01, 69.86, 83.6%, respectively). use enhanced fresh dry weight (g plant−1) inoculated (for weight: 50, 66.6, 86.6 for 60, 100, 120%, Total phenols flavonoids well antioxidant enzymes increased non-inoculated after being treated with procera.